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Chapter 27: Prokaryotes
 
Pre-Test
 

Pre-Test


1 .       Which choice below can be found in gram-negative bacteria, but not in gram-positive bacteria? (Concept 27.1E-Book) [Hint]

 peptidoglycan
 fimbriae
 a membrane outside the cell wall
 nucleoid region
 all of the above
2 .       Genes for the resistance of antibiotics are usually located _____. (Concept 27.1E-Book) [Hint]

 on the main chromosome
 in mitochondria
 in the cell wall
 on plasmids
 in eukaryotic cells
3 .       The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis can withstand heat, dryness, and toxic chemicals that would kill most other bacteria. This indicates that it is probably able to form _____. (Concept 27.1E-Book) [Hint]

 pseudopodia
 endotoxins
 endospores
 pili
 peptidoglycan
4 .       Bacteria that live around deep-sea, hot-water vents obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic hydrogen sulfide belched out by the vents. They use this energy to build organic molecules from carbon obtained from the carbon dioxide in seawater. These bacteria are _____. (Concept 27.2E-Book) [Hint]

 photoheterotrophs
 chemoautotrophs
 photoautotrophs
 chemoheterotrophs
 none of the above
5 .       Which statement is true about obligate anaerobes? (Concept 27.2E-Book) [Hint]

 They use O2 for cellular respiration and cannot grow without it.
 They obtain energy by oxidizing ferrous ions.
 They will use O2 if it is present, but can obtain energy by fermentation if needed.
 They are poisoned by O2.
 They live exclusively by cellular respiration or by anaerobic respiration.


6 .       The prokaryotic organisms most likely to be found living in salt ponds are the _____. (Concept 27.3E-Book) [Hint]

 methanogens
 extremophiles
 halophiles
 thermophiles
 Korarchaeota
7 .       Which clade of archaea contains the extreme halophiles and methanogens? (Concept 27.3E-Book) [Hint]

 Euryarchaeota
 Crenarchaeota
 Korarchaeota
 Nanoarchaeota
 Halophiles and methanogens are common types of archaea and, thus, are found in all clades.


8 .       An ecological relationship between organisms of different species that are in direct contact can best be described as _____. (Concept 27.4E-Book) [Hint]

 symbiotic
 parasitic
 mutualistic
 commensal
 taxis
9 .       Which statement below about bacteria and humans is not true? (Concept 27.5E-Book) [Hint]

 In a human body, bacterial cells outnumber human cells by as much as 10 times.
 Some bacteria can cause human cells to release antimicrobial agents that kill other species of bacteria.
 Many of the relationships between bacterial cells and the humans they live within can be described as commensal.
 Exotoxins can produce disease in humans even if the bacteria that produced them are not present.
 Prokaryotes are at the root of all human diseases.


10 .       Which statement about endotoxins is true? (Concept 27.5E-Book) [Hint]

 Endotoxins are proteins secreted by prokaryotes.
 Endotoxins are components of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria.
 Endotoxins are released only when bacteria die and their cell walls break down.
 An example of a prokaryote that produces endotoxins is Vibrio cholerae.
 None of the above are true.





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