Chapter 43: The Immune System
 
Pre-Test
 

Pre-Test


1 .       Which of the following describes innate immunity? (Concept 43.1E-Book) [Hint]

 Unbroken skin creates a physical barrier that cannot normally be penetrated by bacteria or viruses.
 Surface secretions from sebaceous and sweat glands give the skin an acidic pH that is unfavorable for bacterial colonization.
 Tears, saliva, and mucous secretions contain lysozyme, an enzyme that digests bacterial cell walls.
 Mucus traps microbes and other particles that come in contact with it.
 All of the above.


2 .       Which statement best describes tissue macrophages? (Concept 43.1E-Book) [Hint]

 They are antigen-presenting cells that originate from neutrophils.
 They have short life spans because they self-destruct after engulfing foreign invaders.
 They are phagocytic cells that originate from monocytes, which leave the circulation and enter the tissues.
 They are most effective against parasites.
 They do not phagocytize microorganisms; instead, they induce lysis of virus-infected body cells.


3 .       Which choice best describes an antigen? (Concept 43.2E-Book) [Hint]

 An antigen is a protein molecule that helps defend the body against disease.
 An antigen induces development of white blood cells in the bone marrow.
 An antigen could be an invading virus or bacterium.
 An antigen is a foreign molecule that evokes a specific response by a lymphocyte.
 An antigen is a protein attacked by an invading microorganism.


4 .       How do memory cells differ from effector cells? (Concept 43.2E-Book) [Hint]

 Memory cells are more numerous.
 Memory cells are responsible for the primary immune response.
 Memory cells combat antigens; effector cells do not.
 Memory cells live longer.
 Memory cells are capable of producing antibodies.


5 .       The role of cytotoxic T cells is to attack _____. (Concept 43.2E-Book) [Hint]

 body cells that have been infected
 circulating antibodies
 circulating proteins
 extracellular viruses and bacteria
 complement proteins


6 .       Cell-mediated immunity differs from humoral immunity because_____. (Concept 43.3E-Book) [Hint]

 cell-mediated immunity is longer lasting
 a subsequent secondary immune response can occur in humoral immunity
 clonal selection occurs in cell-mediated immunity
 they respond differently to invaders
 a humoral response is mounted more quickly


7 .       Helper T cells are part of _____. (Concept 43.3E-Book) [Hint]

 a cell-mediated immune response
 innate immunity
 the complement system
 a group of phagocytic white blood cells
 all of the above


8 .       Viruses and bacteria in body fluids are attacked by _____. (Concept 43.3E-Book) [Hint]

 antibodies from B cells
 cytotoxic T cells
 complement proteins
 helper T cells
 antigens


9 .       Tissues are typed before an organ transplant to make sure that the _____ of donor and recipient match as closely as possible. (Concept 43.4E-Book) [Hint]

 T cells
 antibodies
 MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins
 histamines
 B cells


10 .       Which of the following cell types does HIV preferentially infect? (Concept 43.5E-Book) [Hint]

 cytotoxic T cells
 natural killer cells
 helper T cells
 plasma cells
 memory cells







©2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings