Pre-Test

Chapter 21: The Genetic Basis of Development

Pre-Test

1 .

During embryonic development, the process by which cells specialize is _____; and the process by which form develops is _____. (Concept 21.1

) [Hint]

differentiation morphogenesis

cell division oogenesis

adaptive radiation transcription

mitosis meiosis

genetic drift polymerization

2 .

During development, individual cells of the same organism begin to produce different proteins because _____. (Concept 21.1

) [Hint]

the cells have different numbers of chromosomes

not all cells can synthesize proteins

specific genes are activated in the cells

the cells have different kinds and amounts of DNA

genes are permanently lost as body cells differentiate

3 .

Certain intestinal cells produce digestive enzymes, whereas certain pancreatic cells produce insulin. Yet these cells carry the same genes. The differences between the two types of cells are a direct consequence of _____. (Concept 21.2

) [Hint]

determination

genomic equivalence

dedifferentiation

totipotency

the presence of tissue-specific proteins

4 .

If cells from a carrot are removed and placed in a culture medium, they can develop into a normal adult plant. This demonstrates that carrot cells _____. (Concept 21.3

) [Hint]

differ genetically at maturity

differentiate

differ as mature cells

retain all the genes that were in the zygote that developed into the original plant

are undifferentiated as adult cells

5 .

Cytoplasmic determinants _____. (Concept 21.3

) [Hint]

are found in an unfertilized egg cell and play a role in the early stages of development

cause changes in embryonic cells by induction

are encoded by homeotic genes

are produced by differentiated cells before the differentiation can be observed through a microscope

are encoded by segmentation genes

6 .

The history of the development of the cells of an organism can be displayed on a _____. (Concept 21.3

) [Hint]

linkage map

DNA fingerprint

cell lineage diagram

physical map

cytological map

7 .

_____ is (are) controlled by _____. (Concept 21.3

) [Hint]

Cytoplasmic determinants ... homeotic genes

Pattern formation ... positional information

Genomic equivalence ... cytoplasmic determinants

Cytoplasmic determinants ... embryonic genes

Organ identity genes ... chimeras

8 .

Maternal effect genes encode _____. (Concept 21.3

) [Hint]

signal molecules responsible for induction

ced-3 and ced-4

cytoplasmic determinants

dedifferentiation proteins

proteins involved in muscle development

9 .

Considering the function of homeotic genes in Drosophila, which of the following is most likely to be among their functions in humans? (Concept 21.3

) [Hint]

determining skin and hair color

regulating the cellular metabolic rate

determining the specific identity of the different fingers on each hand

determining whether an individual is male or female

regulating the rate and timing of cell division

10 .

Homeodomains _____. (Concept 21.4

) [Hint]

are peptide sequences encoded by DNA sequences called homeoboxes

are present within the products of homeotic genes

have been found in both plants and animals

bind to DNA

all of the above