species
	population
	ecosystem
	community
	habitat

	community, population, ecosystem, habitat, biosphere
	tissue, organ system, organ, cell, organism
	organism, ecosystem, community, population, biosphere
	cell, tissue, organ, population, community
	molecule, tissue, cell, organelle, organ

	organelle
	tissue
	cell
	organ
	organism

	heat
	the decomposition of plants and other organic debris
	the sun
	carbon dioxide
	evolution

	protein
	DNA
	the ecosystem
	natural selection
	mutation

	are apparent only when an organism is studied at the molecular level
	are due to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
	are evident during only one portion of the life cycle of an organism
	define the cell's surroundings
	none of the above

	cellular properties
	reductionist properties
	natural selective properties
	emergent properties
	tissue properties

	Bacteria
	Archaea
	Eukarya
	Plantae
	Fungi

	Archaea
	Fungi
	Protista
	Plantae
	Animalia

	protists have prokaryotic cells and may be photosynthetic
	protists may have chloroplasts and lack nuclei
	protists are eukaryotic and generally unicellular
	protists lack DNA
	protists are a form of bacteria

	Eukarya
	Bacteria
	Archaea
	Fungi
	The domain Bacteria, the domain Archaea, and the domain Eukarya all contain at least some prokaryotic members.

	Plantae
	Fungi
	Animalia
	Protista
	Archaea

	Archaea
	Bacteria
	Plantae
	Animalia
	Fungi

	population
	species
	phylum
	kingdom
	class

	Individuals in a population of any species vary in many heritable traits.
	Individuals with heritable traits best-suited to the local environment will generally produce a disproportionate number of healthy, fertile offspring.
	A population of any species has the potential to produce far more offspring than will survive to produce offspring of their own.
	Individuals of a population are unequal in the likelihood of surviving and reproducing.
	Darwin synthesized his theory of natural selection from all of the above observations and inferences.

	gives the investigator a systematic, unbiased result
	allows rejection of some alternative hypotheses
	ensures that hypotheses can be confirmed with certainty
	ensures that the variable being tested is measured without error
	gives scientists a chance to work in the laboratory

	a lack of replication
	an unfalsifiable hypothesis
	uncontrolled variables
	nonsystematic observation and analysis of data
	a small sample size

	If the animals observed require organic molecules as nutrients, then it can be concluded that all animals require organic molecules as nutrients.
	If all flying animals are birds, then it can be concluded that bats are birds.
	Because worms lack bones, they are classified as invertebrates.
	A paramecium moves by means of the rhythmic motion of its cilia.
	An elephant is warm-blooded because it is a mammal.

	was not made by a scientist
	did not include numerical measurements
	was not repeatable
	did not include a hypothesis
	was not published

	a poorly supported idea that has little backing but might be correct
	a well-supported concept that has broad explanatory power
	the same thing as a hypothesis
	not correct unless it is several years old
	a concept that, once established in the scientific literature, can be modified but never rejected, even when new scientific methods produce data that don't fit

	experimental plot
	control plot
	controlled variable
	dependent variable
	emergent property

	some conceivable observation or experiment could reveal whether a given hypothesis is correct or incorrect
	only a controlled experiment can indicate whether the hypothesis is correct or incorrect
	the hypothesis has been proved wrong
	there must be several options in the hypothesis to choose from, one of which is correct
	if the hypothesis is not correct, the experiment was a failure

	during initial observation(s)
	during the formulation of a hypothesis
	in establishing a test of a hypothesis
	in arranging for a peer review
	after the careful analysis of both the qualitative and the quantitative data recorded in the study

	determining the physical causes for physical phenomena
	formulating testable hypotheses in seeking natural causes for natural phenomena
	explaining naturally occurring events
	addressing questions of ethical dilemmas
	determining the efficacy of a low-carbohydrate diet

	that the drug is 5% effective and testing on humans should begin
	that the drug seems to have little effect on viral transmission at the dosage given
	nothing, because no independent variable could be identified
	nothing, because no control group was used in the test of the drug
	that the drug enhances disease progression

	measure the amount of sodium in a few bean plants
	measure how fast radioactive sodium enters the plant
	look for sodium in leaf tissues using autoradiography
	analyze root contents for sodium
	grow bean plants with and without sodium

	is not necessary if the scientist obtains enough background information
	is too difficult for researchers doing fieldwork
	is necessary before assuming that a given set of results is correct
	should always be done by changing a variable
	wastes money that can be better spent doing new experiments

	Yes, an experiment should only test one variable at a time. Otherwise, the various variables could be confused with the control.
	Yes, an experiment should only test one variable at a time. This ensures that the experimental outcome is clearly due to one identifiable factor.
	No, it is not necessary to test only one variable per experiment, especially when time is of the essence.
	As long as the experiment is repeated a sufficient number of times, it doesn't matter how many variables are used.
	None of the above.