Chapter Quiz

Chapter 28: Protists

Chapter Quiz

1 .

Protists are a diverse group of organisms that includes _____. (Concept 28.1

) [Hint]

plants

algae

protozoans

fungi

algae and protozoans

2 .

The placement of all protists in one kingdom caused dissatisfaction among taxonomists mainly because _____. (Concept 28.1

) [Hint]

some protists are autotrophic and others are heterotrophic

protist cells are more similar to prokaryotic cells than to eukaryotic cells

various pieces of evidence indicate that the kingdom Protista cannot be monophyletic

various pieces of evidence indicate that the Protista are not polyphyletic

all of the above

3 .

Which example below is a characteristic shared by diplomonads and parabasalids? (Concept 28.2

) [Hint]

Both lack plastids.

Both are adapted to aerobic environments.

Both lack mitochondria.

Both have a single flagellum.

Both have two nuclei.

4 .

How do trypanosomes withstand the attack of a host's immune system? (Concept 28.3

) [Hint]

They reproduce so fast that they can compensate for the death rate caused by the immune system.

They live only in the cerebrospinal fluid, where the immune system can't reach them.

They specifically poison helper T cells.

The molecular composition of their surface changes continually.

All of the above.

5 .

The euglenids could be said to bridge the evolutionary gap between plant-like protists and animal-like protists. This is because they have some characteristics of each group. For example, _____. (Concept 28.3

) [Hint]

they have a cell wall but also have flagella

they have true roots, stems, and leaves

they have a cell wall but carry on photosynthesis

many carry on photosynthesis, have flagella, and lack a cell wall

they have a cell wall but do not carry on photosynthesis

6 .

Which of these groups includes photosynthetic unicellular organisms with flagella and contractile vacuoles? (Concept 28.3

) [Hint]

diatoms

dinoflagellates

euglenids

ciliates

apicomplexans

7 .

What do a carnivorous dinoflagellate, a parasitic apicomplexan, and a ciliate have in common? (Concept 28.4

) [Hint]

All three are heterotrophic and autotrophic.

All three form colonies of cells.

All three are parasitic on other species of organisms.

All three have sacs known as alveoli just beneath their plasma membranes.

All three are photosynthetic.

8 .

Which organisms are capable of producing a "red tide"? (Concept 28.4

) [Hint]

dinoflagellates

chrysophytes (diatoms)

sporozoans

euglenids

none of the above

9 .

Which of these groups includes species that produce a nerve agent toxic to humans? (Concept 28.4

) [Hint]

diatoms

dinoflagellates

euglenids

ciliates

apicomplexans

10 .

Which of these groups includes parasitic unicellular organisms with a complex of organelles specialized for penetrating host cells and tissues? (Concept 28.4

) [Hint]

diatoms

dinoflagellates

euglenoids

ciliates

apicomplexans

11 .

Which of these groups is characterized by cells that have more than one nucleus? (Concept 28.4

) [Hint]

diatoms

dinoflagellates

euglenids

ciliates

apicomplexans

12 .

How does genetic variation result in ciliates? (Concept 28.4

) [Hint]

binary fission

asexual reproduction

conjugation

alternation of generations

none of the above

13 .

Which protists were once categorized as fungi due to their multinucleate filaments that resemble hyphae? (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

dinoflagellates

stramenopiles

golden algae

oomycetes

parabasalids

14 .

_____ is a protist that causes late blight of potatoes and was responsible for the Irish potato famine of the 19th century. (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

Phytophthora infestans

Dinobryon

Laminaria

Entamoeba

Dictyostelium discoideum

15 .

Which of these groups includes unicellular organisms that, due to the structure of their cell walls, can withstand pressures equal to the pressure under each leg of a table supporting an elephant? (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

diatoms

dinoflagellates

euglenids

ciliates

apicomplexans

16 .

Which characteristic is shared by most diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae at least at some stage of their life cycles? (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

They all have flagella with numerous fine, hair-like projections.

All three store food reserves in the form of a glucose polymer called laminarin.

All three have homologous plastids.

All are autotrophs.

All of the above are shared characteristics.

17 .

The general term given to a plant body that lacks true stems, leaves, and roots and that shows little tissue differentiation is _____. (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

stipe

rhizoid

strobilus

thallus

gametophyte

18 .

What is the purpose of the "floats" in some brown algae? (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

anchoring the seaweed

protecting seaweed from crashing waves

keeping the blades nearer the water's surface

protecting the seaweed from drying out

absorbing iodine and carbon dioxide from seawater.

19 .

Which of the following organisms are commercially harvested to extract algin and carrageenan from their cell walls? (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

dinoflagellates

golden algae

brown and red seaweeds

marine green algae, like Ulva

diatoms

20 .

Agar is a complex carbohydrate used in gelatin capsules and also in cooking. It is derived from cell walls of _____. (Concept 28.5

) [Hint]

green algae

brown algae

euglenozoans

red algae

diatoms

21 .

On some areas of the seafloor, one could observe an "ooze" that is hundreds of meters thick. What does this ooze consist of? (Concept 28.6

) [Hint]

the tests of dead radiolarians

the tests of dead diatoms

the decaying porous shells of forams

the gel-forming polysaccharides secreted by brown and red algae

colonies of plasmodial slime molds

22 .

In lab class, a plasmodial slime mold is used as a demonstration organism. One of the students does not understand why this organism is not considered multicellular. How would you explain it to her? (Concept 28.7

) [Hint]

The plasmodium is undivided by membranes and contains many diploid nuclei; therefore, it is not technically multicellular.

The distinct cells that make up the plasmodium do not cooperate, so they do not represent a truly multicellular organism.

Plasmodial slime molds are not able to reproduce sexually, so therefore they are not truly multicellular.

Multicellular organisms are seen only in the kingdoms Animalia and Plantae.

The nuclei found in the plasmodium of a plasmodial slime mold are diploid.

23 .

Many members of the red algae are adapted to deeper water due to the observation that _____. (Concept 28.8

) [Hint]

their red pigments readily absorb red light

their cell walls are adapted to withstand bright light

their photosynthetic pigments efficiently absorb blue and green light

they grow long stalks with floats on the ends to hold the blades near the surface

all of the above

24 .

The red algae are characterized by _____. (Concept 28.8

) [Hint]

alternation of generations in some species

flagellated gametes that do not require water for fertilization to occur

population explosions known as "red tides"

multinucleated portions

a red coloration in all its species

25 .

Which of the following groups of algae is (are) most closely related to land plants? (Concept 28.8

) [Hint]

brown algae

green algae

red algae

blue-green algae

all of the above