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Chapter 32: An Introduction to Animal Diversity
 
Chapter Quiz
 

Chapter Quiz


1 .       Which characteristic below is shared by plants, fungi, and animals? (Concept 32.1E-Book) [Hint]

 They all have cell walls.
 All are multicellular eukaryotes.
 All are held together by structural proteins.
 All have intracellular junctions known as desmosomes.
 All release exoenzymes to aid in digestion.
2 .       Animals probably evolved from colonial protists. How do animals differ from these protist ancestors? (Concept 32.1E-Book) [Hint]

 The protists were prokaryotic.
 Animals have more specialized cells.
 The protists were heterotrophic.
 The protists were autotrophic.
 Animals are able to reproduce.
3 .       During the development of most animals, cleavage leads to _____. (Concept 32.1E-Book) [Hint]

 the formation of a zygote
 the formation of a blastula
 the formation of a gastrula
 fertilization
 metamorphosis
4 .       Which example below is a common feature of all animals? (Concept 32.1E-Book) [Hint]

 a homeobox-containing family of genes called Hox genes
 bilateral symmetry
 true tissues
 a true coelom
 limited to sexual reproduction
5 .       Which example below is not a current hypothesis regarding the Cambrian explosion? (Concept 32.2E-Book) [Hint]

 An increase in atmospheric CO2 led to an explosion of plants and life-forms that fed on them.
 Predator-prey relationships led to diversity through natural selection.
 A rise in atmospheric oxygen led to success of large animals with high metabolic rates.
 Evolution of the Hox gene complex provided developmental flexibility.
 Three of the above choices may have all played a role in the Cambrian explosion.


6 .       Which of the following occurred during the Mesozoic era? (Concept 32.2E-Book) [Hint]

 Marine reptiles disappeared.
 Large mammalian herbivores and carnivores arose.
 The tetrapod body plan became modified for powered flight in birds.
 Fishes emerged as top predators in marine food webs.
 A great diversity of new body plans emerged among animals.
7 .       Symmetry is one of the most basic characteristics of animals. The group that has a different symmetry from the other four groups listed here is the _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 arthropods
 chordates
 molluscs
 jellies
 annelids
8 .       Which of the following is associated with bilateral symmetry? (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 a sessile lifestyle
 a lack of true tissues
 parazoans
 no mesoderm
 cephalization
9 .       "Cephalization" refers to having _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 radial symmetry
 a right and a left side
 a head
 a dorsal and a ventral surface
 ectoderm
10 .       Unlike other animals, sponges _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 are unicellular
 possess cell walls
 lack true tissues
 exhibit bilateral symmetry
 are prokaryotic
11 .       Which of the following is not a characteristic of cnidarians? (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 gastrovascular cavity
 ectoderm
 mesoderm
 a lack of true tissues
 radial symmetry
12 .       Ectoderm can give rise to _____; mesoderm can give rise to _____; endoderm can give rise to _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 muscle ... the outer covering of the animal ... the central nervous system
 the lining of the digestive tract ... muscle ... the outer covering of the animal
 the central nervous system ... the outer covering of the animal ... the lining of the digestive tube
 muscle ... the outer covering of the animal ... the lining of the digestive tube
 the central nervous system ... muscle ... the lining of the digestive tube
13 .       All animals with bilateral symmetry have _____ germ tissue layer(s). (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 one
 two
 three
 four
 five
14 .       A true coelom is _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 a body cavity lined with tissues derived from the endoderm
 a body cavity lined with endoderm and mesoderm
 a body cavity lined with mesoderm
 a thoracic body cavity
 an abdominal body cavity
15 .       One of the primary developmental/anatomical characteristics distinguishing the major animal phyla is the condition of the body cavity. A pseudocoelomate animal is one in which the body cavity is _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 bounded completely by mesoderm
 filled by a solid mass of mesoderm
 bounded completely by endoderm
 bounded partly by ectoderm
 bounded partly by mesoderm
16 .       The difference between pseudocoelomates and coelomates is that pseudocoelomates _____, whereas coelomates _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 do not have a body cavity ... have a body cavity
 exhibit radial symmetry ... exhibit bilateral symmetry
 are parazoans ... are eumetazoans
 are protostomes ... are deuterostomes
 have a body cavity partially lined with tissue derived from mesoderm ... have a body cavity completely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm
17 .       The presence of a coelom is advantageous because _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 it allows for a third embryonic germ layer
 it permits the development of an open circulatory system
 it allows room for the development and movement of internal organs
 it is necessary for a complete digestive tract
 all of these
18 .       Which example below is not a major feature of animal body plans? (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 symmetry
 type of eye
 tissues
 body cavities
 mode of development (protostome or deuterostome)
19 .       The zygotes of many protostomes undergo _____ development and _____ cleavage. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 spiral ... radial
 determinate ... indeterminate
 radial ... indeterminate
 radial ... determinate
 determinate ... spiral
20 .       An animal with a true coelom that has _____ cleavage must be a _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 radial ... protostome
 radial ... deuterostome
 spiral ... deuterostome
 spiral ... cyclostome
 all of the above
21 .       Which of the following is not a difference between protostomes and deuterostomes? (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 the presence of a body cavity
 generally, protostomes are schizocoelous and deuterostomes are enterocoelous
 the fate of the blastopore
 the cleavage plane of the embryo
 the timing of the determination of embryonic cells
22 .       Protostomous animals are those in which the _____. (Concept 32.3E-Book) [Hint]

 blastopore forms the anus
 ectoderm forms the muscles
 digestive tract is incomplete
 cell fate is determined early during embryonic development
 mesoderm forms appendages
23 .       In the text you studied two phylogenetic hypotheses regarding the relationships of the animal phyla. The tree that is based on molecular evidence differs from the tree based on morphological evidence in that it _____. (Concept 32.4E-Book) [Hint]

 depicts sponges as basal animals
 depicts cnidarians as basal eumetazoans
 suggests that the animal clade is polyphyletic
 divides protostomes into two taxa
 All of the above generally describe differences between the hypotheses.
24 .       One of the two taxa that molecular studies divide the protostomes into is called Ecdysozoa. What characteristic is this taxon named for? (Concept 32.4E-Book) [Hint]

 a horseshoe-shaped crown of ciliated tentacles
 a trochophore larva
 the secretion of stiff external skeletons that must be shed to allow for growth
 segmented bodies
 parazoan grade of organization





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