Chapter Quiz

Chapter 33: Invertebrates

Chapter Quiz

1 .

Sponges feed by _____. (Concept 33.1

filtering small particles from water

scraping bacteria and algae from hard substrates

paralyzing small crustaceans with stinging cells

absorbing nutrients from the guts of their hosts

performing photosynthesis

2 .

Sponges lack _____. (Concept 33.1

) [Hint]

a complete digestive tract

a nervous system

the ability to make organic compounds from CO₂ and water

true tissues

all of the above

3 .

Some digestion in sponges takes place in the _____. (Concept 33.1

) [Hint]

amoebocytes

osculum

gastrovascular cavity

spongocoel

gastrointestinal tract

4 .

Which characteristic is not true of sponges? (Concept 33.1

) [Hint]

They have collar cells.

They basically consist of two layers of cells with a noncellular gelatinous layer between them.

They have holes, or pores, in specialized cells, through which water enters.

They generally show no regular symmetrical pattern.

All of the above are characteristics of sponges.

5 .

Which one of following features is characteristic of the poriferan (sponge) body plan or life history? (Concept 33.1

) [Hint]

closed circulatory system

ventral nerve chord

motile larvae

extracellular digestion

specialized respiratory surfaces

6 .

Some cnidarians go through both a motile and a sessile (attached) stage during their life cycle. The attached stage is called a(n) _____. (Concept 33.2

) [Hint]

embryo

medusa

larva

mesoglea

polyp

7 .

Through what means do coral animals capture their food? (Concept 33.2

) [Hint]

photosynthesis

tentacles that trap food particles

absorption of predigested food through their cuticle

dinoflagellates, photosynthetic protists that live in the coral's tissues

teeth that shred their prey

8 .

_____ are members of the phylum _____ and feed by _____. (Concept 33.2

) [Hint]

Sponges ... Urochordata ... scraping away organic films covering the rocks on which they grow

Leeches ... Porifera ... filtering tiny particles from water passing through their bodies

Corals ... Cnidaria ... using stinging cells to capture small animals that venture too close to them

Bivalves ... Annelida ... killing small animals with electric shock

Rotifers... Arthropoda... a lophophore

9 .

Jellies and corals are members of the same _____, all members of which _____. (Concept 33.2

) [Hint]

family ... have a complete circulatory system

phylum ... have a colonial lifestyle

order ... are herbivorous

phylum ... have special stinging cells on their tentacles

genus ... lack a circulatory system

10 .

The choanocyte of a sponge and the nematocyst of a cnidarian both function in _____. (Concept 33.2

) [Hint]

reproduction

locomotion

obtaining food

locating mates

sight

11 .

Which of the following statements does not describe the phylum Cnidaria? (Concept 33.2

) [Hint]

The bodies of its members are organized around a gastrovascular cavity.

This phylum has more species than any other phylum.

The life cycles of many of its members alternate between a feeding polyp and a reproductive medusa.

The bodies of its members are radially symmetrical and show no cephalization.

All of these statements describe the phylum Cnidaria.

12 .

Tapeworms are highly specialized worms that make their living as endoparasites. To which of the following phyla and classes do the tapeworms belong? (Concept 33.3

) [Hint]

phylum Annelida, class Oligochaeta

phylum Annelida, class Hirudinoidea

phylum Nematoda, class Polychaeta

phylum Platyhelminthes, class Cestoidea

phylum Platyhelminthes, class Turbellaria

13 .

Which of the following classes is (are) totally parasitic? (Concept 33.3

) [Hint]

Cestoidea

Turbellaria

Trematoda

Cestoidea and Trematoda

all of the above

14 .

The proglottids of a tapeworm contain an elaborate _____ system. (Concept 33.3

) [Hint]

sensory

digestive

circulatory

reproductive

attachment

15 .

Some species of rotifers undergo parthenogenesis, which means that _____. (Concept 33.8

) [Hint]

their larval stage of development looks completely different from the adult stage

they shed their exoskeleton as they grow

each individual functions as both male and female in sexual reproduction by producing sperm and eggs

the species consists of only females that produce more females from unfertilized eggs

during development of adult forms, some of the organs that were bilateral are reduced in size or are lost on one side of the body

16 .

Consider the following list of animals: giant squid, earthworm, largemouth bass, snail, tapeworm, coral, and starfish. The two that belong to the same phylum are the _____, and their phylum is _____. (Concept 33.4

) [Hint]

bass and giant squid ... Mollusca

earthworm and tapeworm ... Annelida

coral and starfish ... Echinodermata

giant squid and snail ... Mollusca

snail and coral ... Annelida

17 .

An active marine predator is found possessing these characteristics: a series of tentacles (modified from the foot), a highly developed nervous system, and elaborate eyes. To which of the following animal classes does this organism most likely belong? (Concept 33.4

) [Hint]

Chelicerata

Cephalopoda

Polyplacophora

Polychaeta

Bivalvia

18 .

Cephalopods are the only molluscs _____. (Concept 33.4

) [Hint]

without a mantle

with a closed circulatory system

that reproduce sexually

with segmented bodies

that are hermaphrodites

19 .

Annelids _____. (Concept 33.5

) [Hint]

include leeches, earthworms, and polychaete worms

have characteristically long bodies with both internal and external segmentation

use their coeloms as hydrostatic skeletons

have a mouth that is separate from the anus.

all of the above

20 .

Earthworms are most closely related to _____. (Concept 33.5

) [Hint]

roundworms

sea urchins

tapeworms

leeches

oysters

21 .

The excretory organs of earthworms are called _____. (Concept 33.5

) [Hint]

Malpighian tubules

contractile vacuoles

metanephridia

flame cells

kidneys

22 .

During reproduction by the oligochaete earthworm Lumbricus _____. (Concept 33.5

) [Hint]

each individual fertilizes its own eggs with its own sperm (in self-fertilization)

fertilization takes place during copulation between males and females

hermaphroditic individuals exchange sperm

hermaphroditic individuals exchange eggs

reproduction is by parthenogenesis, with no male participation

23 .

Which one of the following is not a feature of polychaete worms (phylum Annelida, class Polychaeta)? (Concept 33.5

) [Hint]

the use of a mucous net for feeding

a protostome pattern of embryonic development

a marine environment

a segmented, bilaterally symmetrical body

a water vascular system

24 .

Leeches are members of the phylum _____. (Concept 33.5

) [Hint]

Nematoda

Cnidaria

Platyhelminthes

Annelida

Arthropoda

25 .

Which choice includes three different phyla of organisms commonly known as "worms"? (Concept 33.6

) [Hint]

Nematoda, Trematoda, Echinodermata

Cnidaria, Arthropoda, Anthozoa

Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Nematoda

Nematoda, Anthozoa, Oligochaeta

Mollusca, Chordata, Echinodermata

26 .

Animals such as _____ are the simplest animals to have _____. (Concept 33.6

) [Hint]

sponges ... bilateral symmetry

flatworms ... a body cavity

roundworms ... a complete digestive tract

jellies ... a complete digestive tract

snails ... a body cavity

27 .

An unidentified species of animal displays the following characteristics: bilateral symmetry, determinate embryonic cleavage, a complete digestive system, an open circulatory system, and distinct body segmentation. To which one of the following animal phyla does this species most likely belong? (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

Cnidaria

Platyhelminthes

Porifera

Annelida

Arthropoda

28 .

The arthropods superficially resemble earthworms in that both groups _____, yet the two are distinctly different because arthropods, but not earthworms, _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

have prominently segmented bodies ... have jointed appendages

have closed circulatory systems ... have bristles

are cephalized and bilaterally symmetrical ... have true organs

have a true coelom ... are protostomes

are acoelomates ... are segmented

29 .

A major characteristic of arthropods is _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

flame cells

radial symmetry

a dorsal nerve cord

a chitinous exoskeleton

all of the above

30 .

In insects, gas exchange is accomplished by _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

Malpighian tubules

book lungs

lungs

a tracheal system

diffusion across the exoskeleton

31 .

Sowbugs are really crustaceans, not insects. Therefore, a sowbug does not have _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

an exoskeleton

an open circulatory system

three pairs of legs

antennae

jointed appendages

32 .

The majority of animal species are _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

insects

deuterostomes

marine

acoelomates

vertebrates

33 .

In arthropods, molting is necessary because _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

the chitinous exoskeleton cannot grow

arthropod appendages generally increase in number as the animal ages

the environment degrades the exoskeleton, which therefore must be shed and replaced

worn exoskeletons make arthropods more susceptible to predators

the exoskeleton is progressively reabsorbed by body tissue

34 .

Complete metamorphosis _____. (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

features a larval stage that looks different from the adult

is a feature in the life history of a minority of insect species

features larval stages with antennae and compound eyes

is accompanied by a complete rearrangement of the genome

does not occur in wasps, bees, or ants

35 .

Which of the following animals are most closely related to spiders? (Concept 33.7

) [Hint]

scorpions

grasshoppers

pill bugs

mosquitoes

millipedes

36 .

The water vascular system of a sea star functions in _____. (Concept 33.8

) [Hint]

movement of the tube feet

digestion

pumping water for swimming movements

vision

keeping all parts of the body moist at low tide

37 .

Which one of the following statements about the phylum Echinodermata is false? (Concept 33.8

) [Hint]

Echinoderms have true radial symmetry as adults.

Larval forms show evidence of bilateral symmetry, which is mostly lost in the adult form.

One of the classes in this phylum is Asteroidea—the sea stars.

All possess a water vascular system, which permits movements via tube feet.

Many species possess an internal calcareous skeleton and spiny dermal projections.

38 .

What is one visible feature that makes it easy to identify sea cucumbers as echinoderms? (Concept 33.8

) [Hint]

They have spines.

The endoskeleton is not reduced.

They have five rows of tube feet.

They are elongated in the oral-aboral axis.

They move by serpentine lashing of their arms.